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Describe the basic idea of environmental controlling.See chapter 7.2 of the textbook.Environmental controlling provides information and tools that help management to improve the environmentally relevant processes of the company. Controlling is therefore a management tool. In order to introduce a successful controlling system, an information system needs to be implemented providing management continuously with information about the relationship of planned and actual development, thereby enabling logical and goal-focused corrective action (in the case of internal or external disturbances). Question 2 ? What are the key elements of an environmental controlling system?See chapter 7.2 of the textbook. EMBED Word.Document.8 Functions:Definition of targets and pre-warning function with regard to the identification of environmental risks and resulting weak points of the company's production of goods and services;Collection and preparation of information;Analysis and evaluation of this information from the point of view of decision making;Monitoring and control within the framework of the (environmental) corporate policy: planning of measures;Identification and implementation of optimization measures;Monitoring of success;Creation of documentation and corporate communication of the improvements.The following phases have to be repeated on an annual basis:Definition of targets: formulation of an environmental policy and definition of environmental objectives and targets;Information: documentation of material and energy flows, their analysis and decision-oriented presentation by setting benchmarks, as well as identification of weak points and suggestions for improvement;Planning of measures: working out options to utilize potentials and eliminate weak points;Priority setting: definition of environmental objectives, targets and an environmental programme;Implementation of measures to reduce environmental hazards;Monitoring of the success of measures taken;Compilation of reports, documentation.Question 3 ? Why do we use indicators?See chapter 7.3.5 of the textbook.Indicators help to condense relevant data in order to provide exact and useful information about the efforts of management, the environmental impact of a company's activities or the state of the environment. Benchmarks are chosen as a means to present rough quantity or quality data or information in an understandable and useful way. This information can be provided in the form of absolute or relative, normalized or indicated information.Question 4 ? Describe different categories of indicators.See chapter 7.3.5 of the textbook.Output indicators (for waste, hazardous waste, wastewater, gaseous emissions; these benchmarks show the observance of legal framework conditions);Input-oriented corporate indicators (have an early-warning function, allow quick statements about the corporate material and energy household and can predict trends; they should at the same time be formulated as efficiency indicators);Management indicators (compliance with laws, achievement of targets, neighbour and staff involvement describe the efficiency of the corporate organization);Process indicators (structured according to plants or procedures in order to measure the material or energy flows that are required for the achievement of self-defined environmental goals).Ratios: Creating a relation between two absolute variables of different types based on a factual connection.Proportional values: For presenting a part in relation to the whole.Index figures: Comparing identical figures over a course of time.Question 5 ? 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