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QuestionsQuestionsWhat is the definition of a material flow analysis?What are the seven steps of a material flow analysis?What would you define as materials?What are the objectives of a material flow analysis?Can you give recommendations for a material flow analysis in small and medium-sized enterprises?Can you name important criteria for the selection of a material? What is a typical material for a flow analysis?Answers and where to find themQuestion 1 ? What is the definition of a material flow analysis?Chapter 3.2 of the textbook?A material flow analysis is a systematic reconstruction of the way a chemical element, a compound or a material takes through the natural and/or the economic cycle. A material flow analysis is generally based on the principle of physical balance?. (German commission of inquiry ?Schutz des Menschen und der Umwelt? ? Protection of human life and the environment ? of the Deutsche Bundestag, 1993)Question 2 ? What are the seven steps of a material flow analysis?Chapter 3.3 of the textbookDefine the objective of the material flow analysis and the parameters to be monitored.Define the balance scope.Define the balance period.Identify and define process steps.Draw the flowchart: material flows ? qualitative approach.Draw up balances: material flows ? quantitative approach.Interpret the results and draw conclusions..Steps two to five are also called "system analysis". In the course of a system analysis, relevant system elements are identified and the relationship between them is established.Question 3 ? What would you define as materials?Materials can be (see also slides):Goods/materials (e.g. wood, gravel, PVC);Elements (e.g. carbon, cadmium); orCompounds (e.g. benzene, methane);which allow a balance to be drawn up.Question 4 ? What are the objectives of a material flow analysis?The objectives of a material flow analysis are (see also slides): Trace the flow of raw materials through the company to establish connections within the process;Retrace waste and emissions to the point where they are generated;Identify weak points (inefficiencies);Define the basis for evaluation;Edit data in a decision-oriented way;Set priorities for appropriate measures to minimize waste and emissions. Question 5 ? Can you give recommendations for a material flow analysis in small and medium-sized enterprises?Chapter 3.6 of the textbookImportant recommendations:Carry out the material flow analysis in steps.An estimate is better than doing nothing at all.Even with estimates it is possible to improve.80 ? 90% of accuracy is sufficient.Use simple measuring instruments.Use indicators.If necessary, contact the supplier or plant manufacturer.It is not essential to follow the instructions or procedures in great detail, a creative approach is often helpful. Even by simply working with the balances you can sometimes achieve improvements. It is important to translate the results into the language of the respective target group (monetary units, kg, pictures, comparisons, etc.).Question 6 ? Can you name important criteria for the selection of a material? What is a typical material for a flow analysis?Criteria for the selection of a material are (see also slides): Costs of the material;Quantity of the material;Toxicity of the material;Legal aspects of the material.A typical material for a flow analysis is water.? ? ?  * + ? ? ? hiOs?????? N???????༩???????ygyV?y???Ih??OJQJ\?mH sH !h??<?OJQJ^JaJmH sH "h??OJPJQJ^JaJmH sH h??OJQJ^JaJmH sH h??OJQJaJmH sH "h??6?B* OJQJmH ph?sH %h??5?6?B* OJQJmH ph?sH .jh??5?6?B* OJQJUmH ph?sH h??B* OJQJph?h??OJQJmH sH h??B* OJQJmH ph?sH h??L????mF & FEƀ? ?F.F & FEƀ? ?F.cty??????< ?q*F & FEƀ? ?F.F & FEƀ? ?F.F & FEƀ? ?F.< ? ? ?  * ? ? ?  ????????? & Fd?-D1$M? ??? ??p#d??F & FEƀ? ?F.  p ? ?aN & F???V?Eƀ? ?F.^??`?V?N & F???V?Eƀ? ?F.^??`?V?? ? ? ?aN & F???V?Eƀ? ?F.^??`?V?N & F???V?Eƀ? ?F.^??`?V?? =?aN & F???V?Eƀ? ?F.^??`?V?N & F???V?Eƀ? ?F.^??`?V?=jOs??????_L$ & Fd?Eƀ? ?F??a$N & F???V?Eƀ? ?F.^??`?V????? ?q*(F & FEƀ? ?F??F & FEƀ? ?F??F & FEƀ? ?F??  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